Air Cooled Industrial Chillers

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Air cooled industrial chillers is a cycle system composed of compressor-heat exchanger-throttle-heat absorber-compressor and other devices. The basic principle of air cooled industrial chillers is based on the compression refrigeration cycle, using the refrigerant as the carrier, and through the forced heat exchange of the condenser fan, the heat is discharged to meet the cooling demand.

The refrigerant circulates in the system under the action of the compressor. It completes the process of increasing the pressure and temperature of the gaseous state in the compressor (the temperature is as high as 100°C), and when it enters the heat exchanger, it releases high-temperature heat to heat water, and at the same time it is cooled and converted into a liquid state, when it runs to the heat absorber , the liquid state quickly absorbs heat and evaporates and turns into a gaseous state again, and at the same time the temperature drops to minus 20 ° C ~ 30 ° C, at this time, the air around the heat absorber will transfer low-temperature heat to the refrigerant. The continuous circulation of the refrigerant realizes the process of converting the low-temperature heat in the air into high-temperature heat and heating the cold water.

Air cooled industrial chillers are mainly used in household air conditioners, and large air conditioners generally use water-cooled heat pump units, which are inseparable from the working principle of air-cooled heat pumps. The applicable ambient temperature of the air-cooled heat pump should generally not be lower than -5°C, otherwise the efficiency of the unit will decrease or it will not operate normally due to frequent frosting and defrosting. However, according to the technical capabilities of different manufacturers, the scope of application has certain deviations. Among the more advanced scroll machines at present, units using low-temperature enthalpy injection technology can often adapt to lower ambient temperatures and have higher unit efficiency. Of course, the cost and selling price of such units have also increased to a certain extent.

1. The working principle of air cooled industrial chillers

Air cooled industrial chillers are the main engine in the air conditioning system. Since the air-cooled condenser does not need a cooling tower, the evaporator is water-cooled. It provides cold water for cooling in summer and hot water for heating in winter. The fan coil unit is the core of the air conditioning system. The terminal device is installed indoors, just like using a water pump to lift water from a low place to a high place, and a heat pump can be used to pump heat from low temperature to high temperature. Therefore, the heat pump is essentially a heat raising device. The function of the heat pump is to absorb heat from the surrounding environment and transfer it to the heated object (object with higher temperature). Its working principle is the same as that of the refrigerator. Compared with the air source heat pump, the air-cooled heat pump that works in the reverse Carnot cycle has a lower capacity. The temperature of the water entering and exiting is about 5°C (the setting parameters of most companies), while the temperature difference between the entering and exiting water of the air source can reach 40 ℃.

Air cooled industrial chillers are used together with fan coil units, the former provides cold water or hot water, and the latter transfers cold water or hot water through heat exchange to suck out cold or hot air.

2. Characteristics of air cooled industrial chillers

1) air cooled industrial chillers are small and medium-sized units, suitable for buildings with an area of 200-10000 square meters.

2) The cold and heat sources of the air-conditioning system are integrated, which is more suitable for users who need heating and cooling at the same time, and saves the boiler room.

3) The unit is installed outdoors, which saves the refrigeration room and saves construction investment.

4) The primary energy utilization rate of air cooled industrial chillers can reach 90%, which saves energy consumption and greatly reduces user costs.

5) There is no need for a cooling tower, and at the same time, the cooling water pump and pipeline are omitted, which reduces the investment in additional equipment.

6) No cooling water system power consumption, no cooling water loss, more suitable for water shortage areas.

3. Performance analysis of air cooled industrial chillers

1) Cold and heat

This parameter is the most critical parameter to determine the normal use of air cooled industrial chillers. It refers to the cooling or heating capacity of air cooled industrial chillers when the air inlet temperature and inlet and outlet water temperature are under the design working conditions. It is suggested that if conditions permit, the designer can obtain the variable working condition performance curve of the compressor from the compressor manufacturer according to the compressor model configured by the air cooled industrial chillers of the relevant manufacturer, and check according to the design working condition of the heat pump. The cooling capacity and heating capacity of the compressor under the heat pump design conditions can be obtained, so as to judge the authenticity of the parameters provided by the sample.

2) COP value

This value is an important parameter to determine the performance of air cooled industrial chillers. The value directly affects the power consumption of the air-cooled heat pump. Therefore, the unit with the highest COP value should be selected as much as possible. At present, my country’s national standard is that the COP value is 2.57, and the COP of most imported or joint venture brands is around 3, and the value of individual imported brand units can reach 3.8.

3) noise

Noise is also an important parameter to measure an air cooled industrial chillers, it is directly related to the impact on the surrounding environment when the heat pump is running. We should give priority to the unit with noise below 80dB in the selection of engineering design.

4) Dimensions

The air cooled industrial chillers are mostly arranged on the outdoor roof. It has clear requirements for the distance between the equipment and the surrounding walls and the distance between the equipment when it is arranged. Therefore, we must consider whether the selected equipment size is Meet the size requirements of the equipment layout. Under the premise of the same performance, the unit with smaller size should be preferred to reduce the footprint of the equipment.

5) Operating weight

Since air cooled industrial chillers are mostly arranged on the roof, the load-bearing capacity of the roof must be considered when selecting the type. If necessary, it should be negotiated with the structural professional to enhance the load-bearing capacity of the roof. However, when selecting equipment, we should give priority to units with lighter operating weight.

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