Temperature Control in Distillation Processes

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Classification of distillation process technology

Distillation process technology is one of the commonly used separation technologies in the modern chemical industry. It is mainly used to separate the components in the mixture according to the differences in their boiling points. The principle of distillation technology is to use the difference in boiling point of substances and the mutual transformation characteristics between liquid and gas for separation.

Distillation process technology is generally divided into two types: simple distillation and rectification. Simple distillation is suitable for mixtures with large differences in boiling points. The components are gradually vaporized by heating the mixture, and then condensed into liquids, ultimately achieving the purpose of separation. Distillation is suitable for mixtures with small boiling point differences. It separates the components of the mixture through multiple vaporization and condensation processes.

Temperature control in distillation processes

In distillation process technology, commonly used equipment include distillation towers and condensers. The distillation tower is the core equipment of the entire separation process. It is generally composed of multiple levels of separators. Each separator has packing or plate structure to increase the contact area between substances and improve separation efficiency. The condenser is used to cool the vapor and convert it into liquid.

The key to distillation technology is to control temperature and pressure. Temperature control can ensure that the separated substances vaporize and condense at the appropriate temperature, while pressure control can affect the boiling point and vaporization rate of the substance. By adjusting temperature and pressure, selective extraction and separation of components with different boiling points can be achieved.

Distillation process technology is widely used in petrochemical, fine chemical, food brewing and other fields. In the petrochemical industry, distillation process technology is used to separate different fractions in crude oil, such as gasoline, diesel, heavy oil, etc.

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