Solar Photovoltaic Panel Cooling Technologies

2023/12/21 분류업계 뉴스 254 0

Solar Photovoltaic Panel Cooling Technologies

Based on the advantages of photovoltaic power generation being universal, harmless and long-lasting, solar energy has become the most promising new energy source. However, the photovoltaic system also has the problem that due to insufficient heat dissipation, the operating temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic panels is too high, which has a negative impact on the conversion efficiency of the system. At present, 80% of photovoltaic panels are in the form of monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon, and the conversion efficiency is only 11% to 15%. For every 1°C rise in solar photovoltaic panels, the output power decreases by 0.4%. Photovoltaic efficiency is a key factor affecting the sustainable operation and development of photovoltaic companies. At present, advanced photovoltaic products with photoelectric conversion efficiency of about 20% have been developed. According to calculations, every one percentage point increase in conversion efficiency can save more than 5% of costs for downstream power stations. Therefore, even if the battery conversion efficiency only increases by 0.01 percentage point, it is of great significance.

When the temperature exceeds the extreme temperature, the aging rate of silicon crystal batteries will also be accelerated. When a photovoltaic system is operating, cooling the solar photovoltaic panels to achieve higher efficiency is a key factor. Proper cooling can improve power efficiency and reduce the rate of battery degradation over time, thereby maximizing the life of PV modules and reducing PV plant equipment depreciation expenses.

Solar photovoltaic panel cooling technology types

1) Natural circulation cooling technology

Natural circulation cooling technology refers to adding fins, channels and other structures on the back of the solar panel to cool the panel. It mainly uses air or water as the working medium to absorb heat to achieve the purpose of cooling. Since the thermal conductivity of water is greater than that of air, the water cooling effect is better than air cooling under ventilation conditions.

2) Forced circulation cooling technology

Forced circulation cooling technology mainly adopts a forced flow circulation system by adding fins, channels and other structures, which requires additional driving power. The working medium mainly uses air or liquid with high transmittance. But adding extra power will undoubtedly increase costs.

3) Combination of natural circulation cooling and forced circulation cooling

Solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) cooling technology combines photovoltaic cells with solar collectors, which is a combination of natural cycle cooling and forced cycle cooling. The conversion efficiency of PV/T cooling technology is about 40% to 80%, which is higher than that of simple solar photovoltaic cells and solar water heaters.

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