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With the rapid development of information technology, data centers, as an important part of information technology, have attracted more and more attention. A data center refers to equipment and places that centrally store, process and manage data. Its mission is to ensure the security, stability and efficiency of data. In the data center, various equipment and servers are constantly running, which will generate a large amount of heat. If not handled in time, it will cause the equipment to overheat, thus affecting the normal operation of the data center. In order to ensure the stable operation of the data center, effective cooling technology must be used to keep the temperature of the data center within an appropriate range.

Data center cooling needs

The data center is a high-density equipment environment. The number and power density of the equipment are very high, and the equipment runs for a long time and generates a correspondingly large amount of heat. Excessive temperature in the data center will cause the equipment to overheat, thus affecting the equipment’s performance. It will lead to equipment failure. The data center must be kept within an acceptable temperature range. The temperature of the data center should be controlled between 18% and 27%.

Cooling technology for data centers

The main cooling technologies for data centers include the following:

1. Air cooling technology

Air cooling technology is a refrigeration technology widely used in data centers at present. Air cooling technology uses air as the cooling medium, takes away heat from the equipment through the air circulation system, and then discharges the hot air out of the teaching center. The purpose of air cooling technology is The advantages are low cost, easy maintenance and high efficiency, but the disadvantage is that it takes up a lot of space and has relatively high environmental requirements.

2. Water cooling technology

Water cooling technology is an efficient refrigeration technology. Water cooling technology uses water as the cooling medium to take away heat from the equipment through the water circulation system, and then discharges the hot water out of the data center. The advantages of water cooling technology are high efficiency and space occupation. It is small and has low environmental requirements, but the disadvantage is that the cost is relatively high, and it requires professional maintenance personnel to maintain.

3. Direct liquid cooling technology

Direct liquid cooling technology is an emerging cooling technology that directly sends cooling liquid into the equipment for cooling, and then discharges the hot liquid out of the data center. The advantages of direct liquid cooling technology are high efficiency, small footprint, low environmental requirements, and can effectively reduce the noise of equipment operation. However, the disadvantage is that the cost is relatively high and professional maintenance personnel are required for maintenance.

4. Hybrid refrigeration technology

Hybrid refrigeration technology is a refrigeration technology that combines multiple refrigeration technologies. Hybrid cooling technology can be flexibly combined according to the actual situation of the data center to achieve the best cooling effect. The advantages of hybrid refrigeration technology are high flexibility and good cooling effect, but the disadvantage is that it requires professional maintenance personnel for maintenance.

Data center cooling system

The refrigeration system of the data center mainly consists of the following three parts

1. Refrigeration unit

The refrigeration unit is the core component of the data center cooling system. Its function is to remove heat from the equipment and then discharge the hot air or hot water out of the data center. The selection of refrigeration units should be based on the actual conditions of the data center.

2. Cooling tower

A cooling tower is a device used to dissipate heat. Its function is to cool the hot water in the refrigeration unit, and then return the cooled water to the refrigeration unit to form a cycle. The choice of cooling tower should be based on the actual conditions of the data center.

3.Air circulation system

The air circulation system is a device used for heat dissipation. Its function is to cool the hot air in the refrigeration unit and then return the cooled air back to the equipment to form a cycle. The selection of air circulation system should be based on the actual conditions of the data center.

The data center is a high-density equipment environment. The number and power density of equipment are very high, and the equipment runs for a long time and generates a correspondingly large amount of heat. In order to ensure the stable operation of the data center, effective cooling technology must be used to keep the temperature of the data center within an appropriate range. Currently, air cooling technology, water cooling technology, direct liquid cooling technology and hybrid refrigeration technology are commonly used refrigeration technologies. The refrigeration system of the data center mainly consists of refrigeration units, cooling towers and air circulation systems. In the construction, operation and maintenance of data centers, attention must be paid to the selection and maintenance of refrigeration technology and refrigeration systems to ensure the stable operation of the data center.

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