Cooling System for Battery Pack

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At present, with the rapid development of the new energy industry, the battery application field is more extensive, such as used in automobiles, by using the power battery system to provide electric energy for electric vehicles, making electric energy the power source of electric vehicles and reducing the use of non-renewable resources.

Generally, when the battery is in the discharge state, it will generate a certain amount of heat. When the heat is too high and the temperature of the battery exceeds the normal temperature range, the performance of the battery will decrease and the cycle life of the battery will be reduced. In this way, it is necessary to cool down the battery system to make it reach an optimal state.

In the prior art, when water cooling is used to cool the battery, the cooling method adopted is simple opening and closing. When the cooling function is turned on, the cooling system is in a full-load working state, that is, the battery is cooled with a fixed temperature coolant. It is easy to cause high energy consumption and lead to energy waste. Moreover, due to the continuous supply of the battery, the number of cycles available for the battery is reduced, reducing the service life of the battery.

Liquid cooling is the mainstream technology for power battery cooling. The battery life of the power battery is closely related to the temperature of the working environment. Therefore, the temperature control of the power battery is the core of the thermal management of the three-electric system. According to the classification of management methods, the cooling of the power battery pack mainly includes natural cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling. There are four types of cooling, in which the consistency of air cooling is poor, the cooling effect is difficult to control, and the technology of direct refrigerant cooling is relatively difficult. Therefore, the technical route of battery cooling is still dominated by liquid cooling.

1. Natural cooling:

Free cooling has no additional devices for heat exchange.

2. Air cooling:

Air cooling uses air as the heat transfer medium. There are two common types. The first type can be called passive air cooling, which directly uses external air for heat exchange. The second type is active air cooling, which can pre-heat or cool the outside air before entering the battery system.

3. Liquid cooling:

Liquid cooling uses antifreeze (such as ethylene glycol) as the heat transfer medium. Generally, there are multiple different heat exchange circuits.

4. Direct cooling:

Direct cooling uses refrigerant as the heat exchange medium. The refrigerant can absorb a large amount of heat during the gas-liquid phase transition process. Compared with the refrigerant, the heat transfer efficiency can be increased by more than three times, and the heat inside the battery system can be brought to the battery system more quickly. Walk. The direct cooling system has the advantages of compact system, light weight and good performance. But this system is a dual evaporator system, the system has no battery heating, no condensate protection, the refrigerant temperature is not easy to control, and the refrigerant system life is poor.

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